Jaipur

Introduction: With an area of 11,117.8sq. km. And geographically located at 26.55° N latitude and 75.52° E longitude, and 431 metres above sea level. Jaipur is one of the developed district of Rajasthan located in the eastern part of the state. It is the capital city of Rajasthan and is also recognized as  “Pink City” of India owing to its beautifully constructed palaces, havellis and forts painted in pink colour.

Jaipur means the city of victory was built exactly 273 years back by Sawai Jai Singh II. The district is bounded in the North by Sikar, Mahendragarh district (State Haryana), in the South by Tonk, in the East by Alwar, Dausa, Sawai Madhopur, and in the West by Nagaur, and Ajmer districts ofRajasthan.

History: Established  by Sawai Jai Singh II in 1727, Jaipur was the first planned city of its own kind in the northern India. Jaipur known as the capital of Rajasthan was recognized for the thunders and clashes of swords and drums of wars, armies were always ready for war.

The architecture of Jaipur was designed by the famous Bengalli architect Vidhyadhar Bhattacharya who was renowned architect of his time. He designed the city in a series system with broad, roads, streets and lanes, rows of shops on both side of the main bazaars, all arranged in nine rectangular city sectors.

Tourist Destinations: Jaipur is a bag of tourist places, that serve as a treat to visitors, where they can feel the fragrance of history.  The famous tourist places are listed below:

City Palace: Constructed by grey-white marble. City palace is a unique master piece of historic landmark. The interior museum has a huge collection of Rajasthani dresses, a unique collection of mughal and rajput weapons, swords of different sizes decorated with jewels.

The palace has also a gallery of fine arts having the collection of paintings, carpets, huge collection of writings on  astronomical works in Arabic, Persian, Latin and Sanskrit, acquired by Sawai Jai Singh-II for his study of planets and their movements.

Janta Mantar: Janta Manta is one of the five memorable constructions of Sawai Jai Singh II. Constructed by stone and marbles, it has the instruments are designed in such a way that depict the astronomical study of that period.

HawaMahal: Built by poet king Sawai Pratap Singh. HawaMahal is one of the properly designed monument of Jaipur. Mainly constructed for the women of loyal family to watch the royal processions passing through the bazaar below.

Albert Hall: Built in 1886 under the drought relief fund by Maharaja Sawai Ram Singh, is located in one of the beautiful garden of Jaipur known as Ram Niwas Bagh. The design of the hall was decided by architect Sir Swinton Jaicob. At present it is one of the famous museum of Rajasthan having the huge collection of antique pieces.

JalMahal: Located in the center of lake, the place was used for hunting by the royal family. At present it can viewed from the banks of lake due to non-availability of driven sources to the Mahal.

Amer Fort: Amer fort had been the capital of the princely state of Kachhwaha rulers of Jaipur for centuries. Famous for the temple of Maa Kali. Amer Fort has  palaces, halls, pavilions, gardens and temples, which were built by Raja Man Singh, Mirza Raja Jai Singh and Sawai Jai Singh within  a period of about two centuries.

Galtaji: Located in the arms of nature and surrounded by deep hills and mountains. It is one of the oldest holy place for hindus. The small temple of the Sun God, built by Diwan Kriparam on the top of the highest peak can  be seen from any partof the city.

Nahargarh Fort: Recognized as the place of lions ‘Nahar’. The fort of Nahargarh is located at the peak height of the mountain guarding the beautiful city of Sawai Jai Singh. Later on sawai Ram Singh II and Sawai Madho Singh II expanded the building of fort.

Sargasuli: Built by Sawai Ishwari Singh in mid of 18th century as remembrance of a battle victory. The tower reaching the sky line is located in the western side of Tripolia Bazar is the biggest tower of Jaipur.

Govind Deoji’s Temple: Lord Krishna was the family deity of Sawai Jai Singh. This temple is devoted to Lord Krishna. The architecture of temple attracts devotees from Jaipur and all over India and world.

Sisodia Rani ka Bagh: Built by Sawai Jai Singh II for his queen of Sisodia clan of rajput, the bagh is located in the southern eastern corner of the city. The bagh has multilevel gardens with fountains, watercourses and painted pavillions.

Jaigarh Fort: Located on the way to Nahargarh Fort. It is one of the few military structures of the medieval India. World’s huge cannon-the Jai Ban – is placed here.

Gaitor: Gaitor is located on Jaipur-Amber road. Gaitor is built in the memory of the rulers of Jaipur, where their final funeral ceremonies were performed. Special cenotaphs or Chatri’s are built at the place where their body is funeralized. It is regarded as the final resting place of the rulers.

Moti Doongari: Located on the small mountain called as ‘Doongri’  in traditional language. The fort of Moti Doongari is an  illustration of architecture of Scotland technique. It was also the resident of Maharani Gayatri Devi for short period.

Ram Niwas Bagh: A beautiful garden constructed by Maharaja Ram Singh as a part of famine relief work in 19th century has beautiful zoo, garden, tow sports ground. The major attraction is the Albert Hall or Museum constructed by famous architecture of that period Sir Swinton Jacob.

VidhyaDharji ka Bagh: Constructed in the memory of the city planner and architecture, Vidhaydhar, who played an important role in designing the Jaipur city is located in the Ghat ki Ghuni area of Jaipur city in the south mountains. The garden has huge water channels. At present this garden is given on rent for private functions.

Facts & Figures

Area	11,117.8sq. km.
Latitude	26.55° N
Longitude	75.52° E
Altitude	431 metres above sea level
Temperature	max. 45 ºC min. 5 ºC
Total Population	52, 52,388
Urban Population	25, 93,791
Rural Population	26, 58,597
Male Population	27, 69,096
Female Population	24, 83,292
Population Density	471 per sq. kms
Literacy Rate	70.63%
No. of Sub-divisions	13
No. of Tehsils	13
No. of Panchayat Samiti	13
No. of Villages	2340
Languages	English, Hindi, Rajasthani
STD Code	0141

Connectivity

Air: Jaipur is connected by air with Jodhpur, Udaipur, Aurangabad, Delhi, Bombay, Kolkata and outside the country with Paris, London & Dublin, UAE.

Rail: Jaipur district is connected with meter gauge rail route with Sri Ganganagar, Ajmer, Udaipur and Sirohi. Jaipur is also connected with major centres of neighbouring states such as Agra (Uttar Pradesh), Ahmedabad (Gujarat), and Delhi. Recently, Jaipur has got connected in broad gauge, enabling direct connections to cities like Sawai Madhopur, Kota, Jodhpur, Bikaner, Bombay, Howrah, Lucknow, Kanpur, Kolkata & Delhi.

Road: Jaipur city is the capital of the state and is centrally located. The National Highway No.8 links Delhi to Ahmedabad and No.11, linking Bikaner to Agra passes through Jaipur district to a total length of 366 kms.

Distance from major Cities:

• Agra-246 kms.
• Ahmedabad-625 kms.
• Calcutta-1,472 kms.
• Chandigarh-510 kms.
• Delhi-261 kms.
• Mumbai-1,176 kms.

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